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  • Structure Geology

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  • Metamorphic Textures

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  • Weathering Processes

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  • Mass Wasting

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Geologic Time Scale

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Geologic Time Scale  Table of Contents Introduction The Geologic Time Scale Precambrian Era Paleozoic Erai Mesozoic EraCenozoic Era Conclusion. * Objectives After attending this lesson, the user would be able to highlight the various periods of the earth's history. The origin and evolution of life that have happened during different periods will also be known. ✰   Introduction While studying the physical geology and history of the planet earth, it is necessary to know about the Geological Time Scale, in detail. The study of the geological time scale is necessary to every student of earth, atmospheric and all life sciences. The origin and evolution of the Earth took place over a period of billions of years. The evolution of life on earth is also a part of that prolonged Earth's history. It is a fact that the planet earth has evolved as one of the planets from the common nebulae. Due to this reason, the age of the
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VOLCANIC ACTIVITY

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Volcanic activity  ranges from the emission of gases, non-explosive lava emissions to extremely violent explosive bursts that may last many hours.  WHAT IS A VOLCANO? A volcano is a spot in Earth's crust where molten rock, volcanic ash and certain types of gases escape from an underground chamber. Magma is the name for that molten rock when it's below ground. Scientists call it lava once that liquid rock erupts from the ground – and may start flowing across Earth's surface. It's still "lava" even after it's cooled and solidified. WHERE VOLCANOES TAKE PLACE Volcanoes take place at destructive plate boundaries and constructive plate boundaries. 1,500 active volcanoes exist across our planet, according to scientists at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). About 500 volcanoes have erupted since humans have been keeping records. Of all volcanoes that have erupted in the past 10,000 years, 10% reside in the United States. Most of them exist in
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Mass Wasting

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Mass Wasting Definition The geomorphic process by which soil, regolith, and rock move downslope under the force of gravity. Explanation Mass wasting occurs on both terrestrial and submarine slopes and has been observed on Earth, Mars, Venus, and Jupiter's moon.  When the gravitational force acting on a slope exceeds its resisting force, slope failure (mass wasting) occurs. The slope material strength and cohesion and the amount of internal friction between material help maintain the stability of the slope and are known collectively as the slope shear strength. The steepest angle that a cohesionless slope can maintain without losing its stability is known as its angle of repose. When a slope possesses this angle, its shear strength perfectly counterbalances the force of gravity acting upon it. Types of Mass Wasting Ultimately the classification results into the following types of mass  wasting: Creeps. Slides. Slumps. Flows. Falls. 1. Creeps
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